The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (collectively referred to as the ACA)^[1] arms the federal government with significant new and enhanced tools to identify and pursue financial recovery for fraudulent, wasteful, and abusive healthcare practices. The cost of implementing other programmatic provisions of the ACA, such as coverage for the uninsured and increased fraud and abuse enforcement activities, will be paid for, in part, by monies recovered from prosecution of healthcare fraud and savings achieved from deterring fraudulent practices. Furthermore, reducing fraudulent and abusive practices is directly linked to the transformation of the health care system to a value-based system that rewards high-quality and efficient care delivery at lower cost. As the $4.1 billion recovered by the federal government in 2011 from fraud and abuse enforcement indicates, healthcare organizations, including providers (practitioners, hospitals, nursing homes), health plans, manufacturers (medical device, pharmaceutical), and suppliers (e.g., durable medical equipments companies), should expect continued aggressive enforcement in the coming years.^[2] The ACA heralds a new era of compliance in healthcare that will require these organizations to monitor their operations, implement robust compliance programs, report publicly a vast array of information about their business arrangements, and face significant penalties for violations.